分类: 地球科学 >> 地质学 提交时间: 2017-08-10 合作期刊: 《古脊椎动物学报》
摘要: We provide a complete description of the skeletal anatomy of the holotype of Chiappeavis magnapremaxillo, the first enantiornithine to preserve a rectricial fan, suggesting that possibly rectricial bulbs were present in basal members of this clade. Notably, Chiappeavis preserves a primitive palatal morphology in which the vomers reach the premaxillae similar to Archaeopteryx but unlike the condition in the Late Cretaceous enantiornithine Gobipteryx. If rectricial bulbs were present, pengornithid pygostyle morphology suggests they were minimally developed. We estimate the lift generated by the tail fan preserved in this specimen and compare it to the tail fans preserved in other Early Cretaceous birds. Aerodynamic models indicate the tail of Chiappeavis produced less lift than that of sympatric ornithuromorphs. This information provides a possible explanation for the absence of widespread aerodynamic tail morphologies in the Enantiornithes. 契氏鸟(Chiappeavis)是首次发现保存有扇状尾羽的反鸟类,显示出尾羽球茎这一结构在较原始的反鸟类中已经发育。详细描述了巨前颌契氏鸟(C. magnapremaxillo)正型标本的骨骼形态学特征。契氏鸟的腭区形态与始祖鸟(Archaeopteryx)相似,而区别于晚白垩世的反鸟类戈壁鸟(Gobipteryx)。即使具有尾羽球茎,鹏鸟类的尾综骨形态也表明该结构发育较差。估算了在契氏鸟中由扇状尾羽所产生的浮力,并与其他早白垩世鸟类进行对比。结果显示,契氏鸟的扇状尾羽所产生的空气浮力小于同时代生活的今鸟型类,这有可能解释了反鸟类中具有空气动力学功能的尾羽形态普遍缺乏的现象。
分类: 材料科学 >> 电子、光学、磁材料 提交时间: 2023-10-26
摘要: Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are promising self-powering suppliesfor a diverse range of intelligent sensing and monitoring devices, especially due to their capability of harvesting electric energy from low frequency and small-scale mechanical motions. Inspired by the fact that contact-separation mode TENGs with small contact areas harvest high electrical outputs due to fringing effect, this study employed discontinuity on the dielectric side of contact-separation mode TENGs to promote fringing electric fields for the enhancement of electrical outputs. The results reveal that the TENGs with more discontinuities show higher overall electric performance. Compared to pristine TENGs, the TENGs with cross discontinuities increased the surface charge by 50% and the power density by 114%. However, one should avoid generating discontinuities on tribonegative side of TENGs using metal blade within a positive-ion atmosphere due to the neutralization through electrically conductive metal blade. The computational simulation validated that the TENGs with discontinuities obtained higher electrical outputs, and further investigated the effect of discontinuity gap size and array distance on TENGs performance. This study has provided a promising method for the future design of TENGs using discontinuous structures.
分类: 核科学技术 >> 粒子加速器 提交时间: 2021-12-31
摘要: Collinear laser spectroscopy is a powerful tool for studying the nuclear spins, electromagnetic moments, and charge radii of exotic nuclei. To study the nuclear properties of unstable nuclei at the Beijing Radioactive Ion#2;beam Facility (BRIF) and the future High Intensity Heavy-ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF), we developed a collinear laser spectroscopy apparatus integrated with an offline laser ablation ion source and a laser system. The overall performance of this state-of-the-art technique was evaluated and the system was commissioned using a bunched stable ion beam. The high-resolution optical spectra for the 4s 2S1/2 → 4p 2P3/2 (D2) ionic transition of 40,42,44,48Ca isotopes were successfully measured. The extracted isotope shifts relative to 40Ca showed excellent agreement with the literature values. This system is now ready for use at radioactive ion beam facilities such as the BRIF and paves the way for the further development of higher-sensitivity collinear resonant ionization spectroscopy techniques.